Country Cured Hams have long been a staple of Southern American cuisine, known for their robust flavor, lengthy aging process, and cultural significance. Unlike commercially processed hams, country cured varieties are dry-cured, aged for months, and deliver a depth of taste that reflects centuries-old traditions. In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about country cured hams—from how they’re made to how best to enjoy them at home.
What Are Country Cured Hams?
Country Cured Hams are preserved using a dry-curing method, which involves rubbing the meat with salt and seasonings, then allowing it to age over an extended period—often three months or more. This technique originates from rural America, where refrigeration wasn’t always available. The result is a dense, intensely flavored meat with a firm texture and salty, savory taste.
Key Characteristics:
- Dry-Cured: No water or brine injections.
- Aged: Typically 3 to 12 months.
- Smoky or Non-Smoked: Depending on regional preferences.
- Shelf-Stable: Can be stored without refrigeration before slicing.
The History of Country Cured Hams
The story of Country Cured Hams is deeply woven into American history, particularly in the South. Native Americans and early European settlers both practiced forms of meat preservation, but it was in the American South that dry-curing became refined into the ham we know today.
Cultural Significance:
- Colonial America: Hams were a valuable trade good.
- Appalachian & Southern Roots: Each region developed its own curing spices and techniques.
- Holiday Tradition: Country hams became staples during Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Easter.
How Country Cured Hams Are Made
Producing Country Cured Hams is as much an art as it is a science. The traditional process can take several months and consists of several meticulous stages:
1. Salting
Fresh hams are rubbed with a mix of salt, sugar, and spices. This begins the curing process and pulls moisture from the meat.
2. Resting Period
The hams are stored in a cool, ventilated space for up to 30 days to allow the cure to penetrate deeply.
3. Rinsing and Drying
After curing, the hams are rinsed to remove excess salt and then hung to dry.
4. Aging
The ham is aged in a climate-controlled environment for months, during which time it develops its signature flavor.
5. Smoking (Optional)
In some regions, hams are smoked over hickory or applewood, adding a rich, smoky note.
Regional Varieties of Country Cured Hams
Different regions have their own signature style of Country Cured Hams, influenced by local climate, wood availability, and spice traditions.
Notable Varieties:
- Virginia Ham: Often heavily smoked and aged for extended periods.
- Kentucky Ham: Known for its dry texture and earthy flavor.
- Tennessee Ham: Usually less salty and features a balance of smoke and spice.
- North Carolina Ham: Often mild and sweeter due to sugar-curing techniques.
How to Cook and Serve Country Cured Hams
Preparing Country Cured Hams requires patience and care to preserve their complex flavors. They can be enjoyed cooked or thinly sliced raw (similar to prosciutto).
Cooking Tips:
- Soak Before Cooking: Soaking in water or milk overnight can reduce saltiness.
- Baking: Bake low and slow—about 325°F for 20 minutes per pound.
- Glazing: Popular glazes include honey, brown sugar, or mustard for balance.
- Pan-Frying: Thin slices can be pan-fried for breakfast or sandwiches.
Pairing Country Cured Hams with Sides and Beverages
To bring out the best in Country Cured Hams, pair them with complementary sides and drinks.
Great Pairings:
- Sides: Collard greens, cornbread, sweet potatoes, and biscuits.
- Cheeses: Aged cheddar or creamy brie.
- Beverages: Sparkling wine, bourbon, or sweet iced tea.
Storing and Preserving Country Cured Hams
Due to their dry-cured nature, Country Cured Hams are more shelf-stable than typical store-bought hams, but proper storage is still essential.
Storage Tips:
- Whole, Uncut Ham: Store in a cool, dry place; wrap in butcher paper or cloth.
- Sliced Ham: Refrigerate in an airtight container and use within a week.
- Freezing: While not traditional, ham can be frozen to extend shelf life.
Health Considerations of Country Cured Hams
While Country Cured Hams are rich in protein and flavor, they are also high in sodium.
Nutritional Highlights:
- Protein-Rich: Great for muscle health.
- Low in Carbohydrates: Ideal for low-carb diets.
- High Sodium: Those with hypertension should consume in moderation.
Where to Buy the Best Country Cured Hams
You can purchase Country Cured Hams from specialty meat shops, farmers’ markets, or online retailers that specialize in artisanal products.
Top Retailers:
- Smithfield: Famous for traditional Virginia-style ham.
- Benton’s Smoky Mountain Country Hams: Beloved by chefs for intense flavor.
- Col. Bill Newsom’s Aged Kentucky Country Ham: Heritage recipe and deeply aged.
Cooking Ideas and Recipes Featuring Country Cured Hams
Looking to get creative in the kitchen? Here are a few recipe ideas featuring Country Cured Hams:
Recipe Ideas:
- Country Ham and Red Eye Gravy
- Country Ham Biscuits with Honey Butter
- Ham-Wrapped Asparagus with Dijon Glaze
- Southern Country Ham Quiche
- Country Ham and Grits Casserole
FAQ: Country Cured Hams
1. Do I need to cook a country cured ham before eating it?
Some thin-sliced hams can be eaten raw, but whole hams should be cooked to enhance texture and flavor.
2. Why are country cured hams so salty?
The salt is essential for preservation and part of the traditional curing process. Soaking before cooking can help reduce saltiness.
3. How long can a country cured ham be stored?
Uncut, a country ham can last for months in a cool, dry place. Once sliced, it should be refrigerated and used within a week.
4. Are country cured hams the same as prosciutto?
They’re similar in curing technique, but country hams tend to be saltier, smokier, and firmer than Italian prosciutto.
Conclusion
Whether served at holiday feasts or enjoyed as an everyday indulgence, Country Cured Hams offer a rich, authentic taste of American culinary tradition. Their complex flavor, long shelf life, and cultural significance make them a standout ingredient in any kitchen. Explore their many varieties, try out traditional recipes, and savor the unmatched taste of Country Cured Hams.